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Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates in the cells that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.

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Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds is a  significant risk factor for melanoma. Protecting the skin from UV rays  can help reduce the risk of developing this cancer.

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Melanoma may arise from an existing mole or appear as a new dark spot on  the skin. Pay attention to moles that change in size, shape, color, or  become asymmetrical, as these changes can be warning signs.

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ABCDE rule is a useful guide to identify potential signs of melanoma: A  for asymmetry, B for irregular borders, C for multiple colors, D for  diameter (larger than a pencil eraser), and E for evolution (changes in  size, shape, or color).

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Early detection is crucial for successful treatment. Regular  self-examinations and professional skin checks with a dermatologist can  help identify suspicious moles or skin changes promptly.

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If left untreated or diagnosed late, melanoma can spread to other parts  of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream, leading to a  more advanced stage known as metastatic melanoma.

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Treatment for melanoma may include surgical excision of the tumor,  immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy,  depending on the stage and individual factors

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Melanoma is more likely to be fatal compared to other types of skin cancer due to its potential to metastasize.

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Prevention is key in reducing the risk of melanoma. Protect your skin  from UV radiation by wearing sunscreen, seeking shade during peak sun  hours, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding tanning beds.