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Norovirus, often referred to as the "stomach flu," is a highly contagious viral infection that causes gastroenteritis.

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Norovirus is incredibly contagious, and just a few viral particles can  cause infection. It spreads through direct contact with infected  individuals, consuming contaminated food or water, touching contaminated  surfaces, or aerosolized particles from vomiting.

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Norovirus is a leading cause of gastroenteritis, causing inflammation of  the stomach and intestines. It leads to symptoms like diarrhea,  vomiting, nausea, stomach cramps, and occasionally, low-grade fever

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Symptoms of norovirus infection can appear suddenly, typically within 12  to 48 hours after exposure. The illness is generally self-limiting,  lasting for 1 to 3 days, but severe cases may require medical attention.

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Norovirus outbreaks are common in places where people live in close  quarters, such as cruise ships, nursing homes, schools, and military  barracks.

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Norovirus outbreaks often peak during the winter months, although cases can occur at any time of the year.

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Infants, young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune  systems are at higher risk of severe dehydration due to norovirus.

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Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for norovirus.  Supportive care, such as staying hydrated, getting plenty of rest, and  managing symptoms, is the primary approach to managing the illness.

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Efforts are ongoing to develop a vaccine for norovirus, but none are  currently available for widespread use. Vaccine research faces  challenges due to the virus's genetic diversity and the lack of  long-term immunity following infection.