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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, affects approximately one out of every 10 women. PCOS is a hormonal condition that can cause a variety of symptoms; however, small cysts always appear in the patient’s ovaries.

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How common is PCOS? PCOS is very common — up to 15% of women and people AFAB of reproductive age have PCOS.

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Common signs and symptoms of PCOS include: Irregular or no menstrual cycle or ovulation Acne or oily skin Obesity or unexplained weight gain Excessive hair growth or abnormal distribution Infertility High cholesterol levels Elevated blood pressure

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Causes of PCOS Insulin resistance Low-grade inflammation Heredity - family history of PCOS can cause PCOS Excess androgen- ovaries producing high levels of androgen

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Treatment for PCOS based on woman’s age Birth control for younger women, to regulate periods and prevent risk of uterine cancer Water pill (diuretic) for patients experiencing acne or excessive hair growth Medication to induce ovulation for women experiencing infertility Medication to control insulin production

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Complications of PCOS Infertility Gestational diabetes Miscarriage or premature birth Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Metabolic syndrome Sleep apnea Cancer of the uterine lining Depression

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ICD-10-CM Coding E28.2, polycystic ovarian syndrome is the billable ICD 10 CM code for PCOS.