There are numerous strains of E. coli, with most being harmless and even beneficial. However, some strains can cause various illnesses, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to severe infections.
Certain pathogenic strains of E. coli are responsible for foodborne illnesses and can cause outbreaks of food poisoning. Examples include E. coli O157:H7, which is associated with severe foodborne illnesses.
Pathogenic E. coli can be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or contact with infected individuals. Improper food handling, contaminated water sources, and poor hygiene practices can contribute to its spread.